Abstract
ABSTRACTIn this study, the diversity within the duodenum (S), jejunum (K) and caecum (M) contents of the three different intestinal gut sections microbiota of 30-week-old (peak production stage) Jinghong laying hens were evaluated. The bacterial DNA was sequentially isolated and the V3 to V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes were amplified. Results showed that the average bacterial sequences from the duodenum, jejunum and caecum content were identified to be 175.33 ± 26.63, 64.00 ± 20.95 and 305.33 ± 4.16 OTUs, respectively. The inherent OTUs were found among duodenum (75), jejunum (2) and caecum (172). The caecum had the highest diversity (Shannon = 5.57 ± 0.06) among the three communities. Firmicutes (65.54%) and Proteobacteria (32.68%) were the predominant bacterial phyla in the duodenum content. Firmicutes (97.27%) was the most commonly detected phyla in the jejunum content. As to the caecum, the relatively prominent phyla were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and Fusobacteria, accounting for 48.70%, 28.91% and 15.93%, respectively. At the genus level, Lactobacillus, Helicobacter, Bacillus, Peptoclostridium and Campylobacter were the relatively abundant genera in the duodenum content, accounting for 51.76%, 28.07%, 5.89%, 5.04% and 1.70%, respectively. Within the jejunum content, Lactobacillus was the most commonly detected genera, which represent 96.26% of the total genera.
Highlights
Animals, plants and humans harbour very diverse and abundant microbial communities that affect the development and function of essentially all organ systems and contribute to adaptation and evolution while protecting against pathogenic microorganisms and toxins
Understanding the microbial ecology of the animal gastrointestinal tract woud be an essential issue in terms of improving production performance and application efficiency
Nine 16S rRNA gene libraries were constructed from Illumina MiSeq sequencing of duodenum, jejunum and caecum
Summary
Plants and humans harbour very diverse and abundant microbial communities that affect the development and function of essentially all organ systems and contribute to adaptation and evolution while protecting against pathogenic microorganisms and toxins. The intestinal microbiota played an important role in sustaining the health and productivity of animals. They stimulated gut immune functions (Lee et al 2010) and prevented the colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with avian-pathogenic or zoonotic bacteria via competitive exclusion and the production of bacteriocins (Lan et al 2005). Manipulation of the intestinal microbiota may be an important strategy for the prevention of intestinal infection and promotion of host health and zootechnical performance in animal production. Understanding the microbial ecology of the animal gastrointestinal tract woud be an essential issue in terms of improving production performance and application efficiency
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