Abstract
The integrated process of spray aeration, falling water aeration and bio-filter bed was used for treating groundwater with high iron, manganese and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N). The removal efficiencies of iron, manganese and NH4+-N reached 99.1%, 95.0% and 85.2%, and corresponding effluent iron and manganese decreased to 0.1 and 0.05 mg/L. Microbial analysis results indicated that theβ-Proteobacteriawas predominant microorganisms, in whichGallionellaandLeptothrixwere main iron-removal bacteria and manganese-removal bacteria, respectively. Simultaneously,Pseudomona, belonged toγ-Proteobacteria, could absorb and oxidize free manganese to be manganese dioxide (MnO2) by extracellular oxidase.
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