Abstract
AbstractIn the United States, 24% of single-family homes have on-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTS). Not only is the proportion much higher in some areas, but also most of the OWTS provide no...
Highlights
In the United States, household wastewater is typically treated in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serving large sewersheds (Census Bureau 2011)
During 2016, regular weekly to biweekly monitoring of three fullscale test nitrogenremoving biofilters (NRBs) (Fig. 1) showed that Total nitrogen (TN) in the influent ranged from 28.82 to 62.07 mg N L−1, averaging 45.79 mg N L−1
The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) amplicon sequence variants (ASV) from potential ammonia-oxidizing microbes (AOM) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) contributed up to 5% of total sequences recovered from the lysimeters and effluent of all three NRBs, compared to less than 0.5% of total sequences recovered from influent and septic tank effluent (STE) samples, and showed high temporal variation in all systems [Fig. 5(a)]
Summary
In the United States, household wastewater is typically treated in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serving large sewersheds (Census Bureau 2011). In areas where large-scale WWTPs are not available, on-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) provide decentralized wastewater treatment. In the northeastern United States, nearly 40% of homes have OWTS, well above the national average of 24% (Census Bureau 2011). OWTS typically have two major components: septic tank and soil treatment unit (STU) (Lusk et al 2017). An important role of the STU is harnessing soil microbial processes for the removal of potentially polluting nutrients like nitrogen (USEPA 2011; Lusk et al 2017). In Suffolk County on Long Island, New York, approximately 70% of single-family households have OWTS consisting of a septic tank with no STU
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