Microbial bioaugmentation from feces of laying hens in biogas formation on anaerobic coal media

Abstract

The laying hen livestock industry is growing rapidly, along with the increasing demand for eggs for human consumption, produces large amounts of waste. Improper management of laying hens farm waste can interfere with health and environmental pollution, including greenhouse gases (CH4, CO2, N2O), odor disorders, disturbances from rodent animals, disturbances of endoparasites and ectoparasites, pollution of water and soil sources. Waste management that is correct can reduce the risk of pollution of the laying hen’s industry to the environment by utilizing the feces of laying hens as a source of the microbial consortium that serves as a starter for biogas formation in anaerobic digester as an environmentally friendly alternative energy source. This study aimed to obtain a bacterial and methanogen consortium from feces of laying hens as a starter for biogas formation with coal media in the anaerobic digester. The study used an experimental method of completely randomized design (CRD) with four inoculum doses with four replicates, further tests of orthogonal polynomials. The study was conducted in two stages: the first stage was pretreatment through in-vitro techniques and adaptation process, and the second stage is the addition of the starter of microbial consortium from feces of the laying feces (bioaugmentation) into liquid media and coal at a dose of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% incubated at 39oC for 28 days. Observations were conducted every seven days from day 0, day 7, day 14, day 21, and day 28. The parameters measured were the volume of biogas, the number of anaerobic bacteria, and the composition of biogas. This biogas composition was analyzed by Gas Chromatography, the number of anaerobic bacteria planted in Hungate tubes, and calculated using the Ogimoto method. The observations showed that the number of bacteria ranging from 1012 CFU/ml up to 1013 CFU/ml exceeded the starter requirements of 107 CFU/ml, which indicated that the microbial consortium obtained met the requirement.