Abstract

In industrial effluents, significant amounts of metallic cations such as zinc, copper, iron, manganese, lead, nickel, and cadmium are present. Long-term irrigation with these effluents increases the amount of organic carbon and heavy metals in the soil, increasing the likelihood that they will enter the food chain and, eventually, result in significant bioaccumulation. Many techniques for the treatment and disposal of metal-containing wastes, such as ion exchange, reverse osmosis, in flotation, and evaporation, have been developed in order to reduce metal pollution issues. The main disadvantages of conventional treatments are low efficiency at low concentrations of heavy metals, expensive handling, and safe disposal of toxic sludge. In light of this, an effort has been made to investigate how tannery affects the growth of green gram.

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