Abstract
This study is performed on six wastewater stations that discharging wastewater into Qarun lake, El-Fayoum Govenorate, Egypt, to assessment wastewater treatment on the period from April 2017 to February 2019. Sewage treatment plants use different biological treatment technologies (conventional activated sludge, oxidation ditch, aeration). In this investigation, wastewater samples were collected from the influent and effluent of each plant and transferred directly to central laboratory of Fayoum Wastewater Company for complete analysis. The obtained data reflects a large amount of drainage on the wastewater treatment stations which means high percentages of total coliform and fecal coliform. Also, the high algal content is detected at Tamiya station with total cell count 282-1210/L. Nutrients as nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and phosphate are assessed and exhibit in ranges 4.4-104.5, 0.0-8.0, 1.1-43.0 and 1.0-42.1 mg/L, respectively. On other hand, the increase of TDS and TSS were achieved during summer season. Furthermore, higher values of DO, BOD and COD considered as a strong indicator for higher microbial activity.
Highlights
In recent years, Egypt has suffered from severe water scarcity
Poor water quality has a direct impact on the quantity of water in several ways: polluted water that cannot be used for drinking, bathing, industry or agriculture effectively reduces the quantity of usable water within a given area
The water crisis appears to be seen as an issue in terms of water quantities; water quality is recorded as a major factor in many countries (Abdel Wahed et al, 2014)
Summary
Egypt has suffered from severe water scarcity. The new Egyptian water budget indicates that the annual water demand reaches 6 gm3/year of the available fresh water. The demand for water is increasingly growing due to population growth, industrial usage and an increase in living standards. Deterioration of water quality is one of the major factors that are playing havoc with water safety and public health of Egypt. The decreasing quality of water has become a global concern as human population increases, industrial and agricultural activities expand and potential climate change may threaten the hydrological cycle (WWAP, 2009). The water crisis appears to be seen as an issue in terms of water quantities; water quality is recorded as a major factor in many countries (Abdel Wahed et al, 2014)
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