Abstract
Microbial and Enzymatic Treatment for Decolorization of Distillery Spent-Wash (DSW)
Highlights
Being rich in sugarcane yield, all the ethanol, in India, is produced by the way of fermentation of molasses and its subsequent distillation
The spent wash is highly acidic in nature and has a variety of recalcitrant coloring compounds as melanoidins, phenolics and metal sulfides that are mainly responsible for the dark color of distillery effluent [3]
Melanoidins solubility depends on pH; it is less soluble in acidic pH than in alkaline. pH higher or lower than 7.0- 7.5 adversely affected the bacterial growth and degradation capability of the bacterial consortium
Summary
Distillery spent-wash contain melanoidins which are natural condensation products of sugar and amino acids produced by non-enzymatic Millard amino-carbonyl reaction taking place between the amino and carbonyl groups in organic substances. Methods for Decolorization Various physical, chemical, biological and enzymatic processes for decolorization of post anaerobic treatments of spent-wash have been proposed by researchers (Figure 2). In physicochemical treatment, activated carbon as adsorbent; activated silica, bentonite, polyelectrolytes and starch as coagulant aids; ozone, single hydrogen peroxide and Fenton’s reagent as oxidants were used for color removal from distillery spent-wash. All the treatment techniques gave color removal efficiency between 70-90% except single hydrogen peroxide and Fenton’s reagent [5]. In biological treatment color can be removed either by concentrating into the sludge or by partial/ complete breakdown of color molecules. Anaerobic treated spent wash contains high concentrations of color and organic pollutants
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