Abstract

Fine chemicals are single pure substances that are produced in small to medium quantities and have a high value (>US$10/kg). They are synthesized via multi-step batch chemical or biotechnological processes. Fine chemicals consist of organic aromatic compounds, organic amines, proteogenic/non-proteogenic amino acids, carbohydrates, heteroaromatic compounds, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, uses for which are found in the pharmaceutical, specialty chemical, agricultural, and cosmeceutical industries (Pollack 2007) (Fig. 8.1).

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