Microbead-regulated surface wrinkling patterns in a film–substrate system

Abstract

The control of surface wrinkling patterns at the microscale is a concern in many applications. In this letter, we regulate surface wrinkling patterns on a film–substrate system by introducing microbeads atop the film. Both experiments and theoretical analysis reveal the changes in surface wrinkles induced by microbeads. Under equibiaxial compression, the film–substrate system without microbeads bonded on its upper surface often buckles into global, uniform labyrinths, whereas the labyrinthine pattern locally gives way to radial stripes emanating from the microbeads. This regulation of surface wrinkles depends on the sizes and spacing of microbeads. We combine the finite element method and the Fourier spectral method to explore the physical mechanisms underlying the phenomena. This study offers a viable technique for engineering surfaces with tunable functions.