Microarray as High Throughput Tool for Tyrosinase Gene Expression Analysis

Abstract

Hyper pigmentary problems including post inflammatory hyper pigmentation solar lentigos and melasma occur widely in the human population and are thus of broad interest for control Tyrosinase is the key enzyme of melanogenesis and it rsquo s over expression results in hyper pigmentation Tyrosinase is not only liable to human pigmentation but also responsible for the undesirable enzymatic browning of fruits and vegetables which is of economic importance So in order to get rid of the problem inhibitors of the enzyme tyrosinase have been concerned Advances in genomics and proteomics have opened up new possibilities for the rapid functional assignment and global characterization of nbsp proteins and DNA Organized collection of molecules on arrays have provided a vigorous platform for rapid screening lead discovery and eradication of molecular characterization Nowadays it is used for the discovery of tyrosinase inhibitor It involves microarrays of immobilized nbsp distinct small molecules or DNA or RNA of cells treated with molecules to be tested and binding of tyrosinase proteins or TYR gene respectively Compound is then screened and the respective compound is identified as a new small molecule binder to nbsp tyrosinase and used it as potential tyrosinase inhibitor Its actual binding and inhibitory effects on nbsp tyrosinase nbsp is also validated using an enzyme based inhibition assay or other binding assays As a rapidly maturing technology high throughput proteomic and genomic pave the way forward in the treatment of skin hyper pigmentation Hence in the present review we have focused on the use of microarray technique over the conventional strategies for the elucidation of tyrosinase inhibitors