Abstract
The clinical application of orally delivered probiotics as live therapeutics in the treatment of colitis is hampered by suboptimal bacterial bioactivity and inadequate gut retention. Here, we present a novel symbiotic approach that combines Spirulina microalgae and probiotics (SP@BC) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of bacteriotherapy. The SP@BC is established by attaching chitosan-coated probiotic strains (BCCS) on Spirulina platensis (SP) via electrostatic self-assembly. Following oral administration, the natural antioxidative bioenzymes present in SP can persistently protect probiotics from oxidative damage in inflamed intestines. Furthermore, the helical-shaped SP can be easily trapped by the intestinal villi, resulting in a significantly enhanced gut retention of the SP@BC system. In a mouse model of colitis, orally administrated SP@BC distinctly improves intestinal permeability, reduces gut inflammation, and restores intestinal microbial homeostasis. The microalgae-assisted delivery of probiotics is highly effective, safe, and easily manufacturable, showcasing promising potential for the clinical translation of probiotic therapies.
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