Abstract
The combinatorial approach of anthropogenic activities and CO2 sequestration is becoming a global research trend to alleviate the average global temperature. Although microalgae have been widely used to capture CO2 from industrial flue gas, the application of bioproducts was limited to bioenergy due to the controversy over the quality and safety of the products in the food and feed industry. Herein, the waste CO2 emitted from large point sources was directly captured using astaxanthin-hyperproducing microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis. Astaxanthin production was successfully carried out using the hypochlorous acid water-based axenic culture process under highly contamination-prone outdoor conditions. Consequently, after 36 days of autotrophic induction, the productivity of biomass and astaxanthin of H. pluvialis (the mutant) reached 0.127 g L−1 day−1 and 5.47 mg L−1 day−1 under high summer temperatures, respectively, which was 38% and 48% higher than that of wild type cell. After grinding the wet astaxanthin-enriched biomass, the extract was successfully approved by compliance validation testing from Korea Food and Drug Administration. The assorted feed improved an immune system of the poultry without causing any side effects. The flue gas-based bioproducts could certainly be used for health functional food for animals in the future.
Highlights
The energy generated by the combustion of traditional energy sources is the driving force of a nation’s development, the world is facing the urgent environmental issue of global warming due to the increased carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions, which mostly result from burning excessive fossil fuel forms, like coal, oil and natural gas [1,2]
Astaxanthin production can be the most from a corporate standpoint to maximize the viability of CO2 -emiting companies, even situated in a attractive option from a corporate standpoint to maximize the viability of CO2-emiting companies, space-limited urban area
Astaxanthin-producing microalgae Chlorella zofingiensis was commonly an interesting host in the microalgal industry, the intracellular content of astaxanthin is still low and the individual host in the microalgal industry, the intracellular content of astaxanthin is still low and the individual carotenoids pool includes high levels of canthaxanthin [35], which could be harmful to the human carotenoids pool includes high levels of canthaxanthin [35], which could be harmful to the human cells, compared to H. pluvialis
Summary
The energy generated by the combustion of traditional energy sources is the driving force of a nation’s development, the world is facing the urgent environmental issue of global warming due to the increased carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions, which mostly result from burning excessive fossil fuel forms, like coal, oil and natural gas [1,2]. CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) technology would be an alternative solution for CO2 sequestration, which brings the striking and instant utilization of stored CO2 and effectively solves the challenges of leakage and space for long-term storage. Microalgae cultivation system is considered as an eco-friendly CCU technology and one of potentially viable models for capturing waste CO2 emitted from large point sources [4,5,6,7,8,9].
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