Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the wastewater produced during the palm oil sterilization process, which contains substantial amounts of nutrients and phosphorous that are harmful to the environment. High BOD and COD of POME are as high as 100,000 mg/L, which endanger the environment. Effective pre-treatment of POME is required before disposal. As microalgae have the ability of biosorption on nutrients and phosphorous to perform photosynthesis, they can be utilized as a sustainable POME treatment operation, which contributes to effective biofuel production. Microalgae species C. pyrenoidosa has shown to achieve 68% lipid production along with 71% nutrient reduction in POME. In this study, a brief discussion about the impacts of POME that will affect the environment is presented. Additionally, the potential of microalgae in treating POME is evaluated along with its benefits. Furthermore, the condition of microalgae growth in the POME is also assessed to study the suitable condition for microalgae to be cultivated in. Moreover, experimental studies on characteristics and performance of microalgae are being evaluated for their feasibility. One of the profitable applications of POME treatment using microalgae is biofuel production, which will be discussed in this review. However, with the advantages brought from cultivating microalgae in POME, there are also some concerns, as microalgae will cause pollution if they are not handled well, as discussed in the last section of this paper.
Highlights
The global palm oil market demand stood at 71.48 million tons in 2019, and the growth rate is estimated to be 2.3% from 2020 to 2027 [1]
This paper presents a brief review of biofuel production from Palm oil mill effluent (POME)
Microalgae C. vulgaris (CV) and C. pyrenoidosa (CP) were cultivated in a medium containing POME with concentration of 10:90, 50:50, and 95:5 to evaluate its lipid production [46]. Both microalgae are able to adapt to POME wastewater, and CV has better growth rate and acclimatization compared to CP in POME for 20 days
Summary
The global palm oil market demand stood at 71.48 million tons in 2019, and the growth rate is estimated to be 2.3% from 2020 to 2027 [1]. POME before disposal is one the concerns and necessities for every palm oil in order to persist in the manufacturing industry. Some of the manufacturers convert the POME produced from their plant into application of compost production to act as fertilizer of the palm oil trees [7]. Most of manufacturers prefer anaerobic digestion, it is oil costtrees friendly and can reduce cation ofthe compost production to act as fertilizer of theas palm [7]. The biogas produced can of the manufacturers prefer anaerobic digestion, as it is cost friendly and can reduce the be utilized as electricity generation to be supplied back to the palm oil mill. This paper presents a brief review of biofuel production from POME treatment using microalgae. The future perspectives and challenges of microalgae usage in POME treatment are discussed in this paper
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
