Abstract
The introduction of new varieties and production system of anthuriums has faced some problems due to the lowmultiplication rates in conventional vegetative and genotypic alteration problem in reproductive propagation. Sincethen, in vitro propagation technique became important to be investigated. The research was carried out fromSeptember 2006 to August 2007 at the Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute. A complete factorialexperiment was designed to accomplish two chronological in vitro activities. The first step dealt with differentincubation sites, i.e. dark and light conditions for callus induction of three potted anthurium accessions, namelyclone no. SM. 001, cv. Alphine and cv. Bonito. The best callus obtained from the incubation treatment were then,transferred into defined media with different formulations to get free-callus plantlets in the second steps. Theresults showed that more progressive callus development from spathe explant was detected on the media ofmodified Nitsch and Nitsch + 1 mg/l 2,D + 1 mg/l Kin + 1 mg/l BA stored at dark after 60 days incubation. After 45days transferring the callus in the same media on light conditions, torpedo-shaped callus was detected. Completeplanlets were obtained after 75 days reculturing the buds in Nitsch and Nitsch medium containing 2,4 D withvarious BA concentrations. Clone SM. 001 and cv. Bonito showed higher number of visible shoot and rootdevelopments compared to cv. Alphine. In general, better shoot and root developments and higher planlets survivedafter acclimatization were observed on the BA concentrations of 2 and 3 mg/l.
Highlights
Anthurium (Anthurium andreanum) is one of important potted and cut flower ornamentals in the world
The first experiment dealt with the influence of incubation sites i.e. dark and light conditions on the callus formation of inoculated spathe explants of three anthurium accessions, i.e. clone no
The negligible differences between the 2 and 3 mg/l BA inferred the light-BA interaction in the certain range was influenced by the endogen hormonal balance and the maximum response of the cells to the BA concentration (Villalobos et al, 1984). These findings implied that BA concentration ranging from 2 to 3 mg/l was specific for these three anthurium accessions in Nitsch and Nitsch medium for optimal shoot and root development
Summary
Anthurium (Anthurium andreanum) is one of important potted and cut flower ornamentals in the world. The involvement Erwinia carotovora and Dasheen Mosaic Virus (DMV) was known to have impacts on the growth and survivals rates of the planted young buds. These low propagation rates hinder the introduction of new varieties or virus-free plants. In vitro propagation has shown to be an excellent tool for rapid upbuilding for marketable quantities of plants with selected characters. 60 Jurnal Natur Indonesia 11(1): 59-63 proliferation to form shoot and root until the complete planlets were obtained In this period, the existence of light was usually needed to serve the organogenesis process (Martin et al, 2001). The presence of light for callus induction and hormone modification for further callus proliferation were investigated
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