Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major stress factors limiting rice productivity. Its damaging effects include water deficit due to osmotic stress, and ionic toxicity caused by ionic stress. It is very important to study the salt-tolerance mechanism of rice under salt stress, in order to improve the salt-tolerance capacity of rice and thereby increase the yield. In this experiment, the low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF NMR) technique and the traditional dry-weight weighing method, the non-invasive micro-test technique (NMT) and the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) were applied to analyze the distribution of water and the flow of K+ and Na+ of rice seeds during germination under NaCl stress. The results suggested that for all different NaCl concentrations, as germination hours grew, the amplitude of NMR signals of the bound water that of the free water and the total amplitude all increased gradually. And the higher the NaCl concentration is, the weaker the increase trend is. In addition, the moisture content of the seeds and the total amplitude of NMR signals were positively correlated. The regression equation was y =191.53x +1463.6, the correlation coefficient was R=0.9823, and the determination coefficient was R2=0.9650. By this regression equation, the moisture content of each state of water during seed germination can be calculated. When without NaCl stress, the rice seeds absorbed K+ in the germination process. However, when under NaCl stress at different concentrations, K+ efflux was detected. The contents of K+ and K+/Na+ were lower than that under the control condition. The higher NaCl concentration is, the lower the K+ and K+/Na+ contents are. These results are in consistence with the K+ and Na+ contents detected by the inductively coupled technique. These empirical data offer a reference for the study of rice-seeds’ response mechanism under salt stress during germination and the screening of germplasm resources, and also put forward a new method of biopsy micro-nondestructive test for plants under stress. Keywords: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), non-invasive micro-test (NMT), NaCl stress, seed germination, moisture, dynamic ion flow DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191202.4245 Citation: H W Yang, J W Ji, C Wang, L Y Zhang, X D Wang, P Song, et al. Micro-nondestructive detection of the moisture and ion of rice seeds during germination under salt stress. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(2): 103–110.
Highlights
Rice is the second most important food crop in the world and provides staple food for 50% of the world’s population
Under NaCl stress at 150 mM, the mean germination time increased by 48.8% and the germination index decreased by 34.25%
For Liaoxing 1 (LX1), the mean germination time increased by 22.00% when under NaCl stress at 50 mM, and its germination index decreased by 21.64%
Summary
Rice is the second most important food crop in the world and provides staple food for 50% of the world’s population. The salinization of paddy soil has seriously affected the growth of rice and thereby constrains the increase of rice yield. Domestic and oversea studies on the effect of salt stress on seed germination, typically has focused on the relative moisture content, germination rate, ion content and other parameters on the early stage[6,7,8,9]. These methods involved invasive testing, which can lead to colossal waste of germplasm resources
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