Abstract
Superior first-cycle Coulomb efficiency (above 80%) is displayed by filter paper-derived micro-nano structure hard carbon, and it delivers a high reversible capacity of 286 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles as the anode for Na-ion battery at 20 mA g−1. These advantageous performance characteristics are attributed to the unique micro-nano structure, which reduced the first irreversible capacity loss by limiting the contact between the electrode and electrolyte, and enhanced the capacity by accelerating electron and Na-ion transfer through inter-connected nano-particles and nano-pores, respectively. The good electrochemical performance indicates that this low-cost hard carbon could be a promising anode for Na-ion batteries.
Highlights
Superior first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is displayed by filter paper-derived micro-nano structure hard carbon, and it delivers a high reversible capacity of 286 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles as the anode for Na-ion battery at 20 mA g−1
There has been a great deal of research activity on various carbons including hard carbons[22,23,24], carbon fiber[25,26,27], graphene[28,29,30], and carbon spheres[31,32] to improve the performance of Na-ion batteries (NIBs)
Large surface area carbonaceous materials such as meso-carbon and graphene based anodes can deliver high capacity and good rate performance owing to the broad contact between electrolyte and electrode, which facilitates the fast transfer of electrons and Na ions[33,34,35,36]
Summary
Superior first-cycle Coulomb efficiency (above 80%) is displayed by filter paper-derived micro-nano structure hard carbon, and it delivers a high reversible capacity of 286 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles as the anode for Na-ion battery at 20 mA g−1 These advantageous performance characteristics are attributed to the unique micro-nano structure, which reduced the first irreversible capacity loss by limiting the contact between the electrode and electrolyte, and enhanced the capacity by accelerating electron and Na-ion transfer through inter-connected nano-particles and nano-pores, respectively. Large surface area carbonaceous materials such as meso-carbon and graphene based anodes can deliver high capacity and good rate performance owing to the broad contact between electrolyte and electrode, which facilitates the fast transfer of electrons and Na ions[33,34,35,36]. To further verify the advantage of the filter paper-derived micro-nano structure carbon with respect to its better performance as an anode for NIBs, a systematic comparison of filter paper-derived micro and nano-sheet carbons was performed in this study
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