Abstract
Mussel shell waste, which is regularly disposed by households, restaurants, markets, or farms, causes environmental problems worldwide, including in Thailand, because of its long decomposing time. Owing to a large amount of calcium (Ca) content from calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in mussel shell waste, many Thai local businesses grind the shell waste into powder and sell it as a source of Ca. Generally, these powdered waste shells are a mixture of various types of mussel shell waste. In this study, we investigated and characterized powdered mixed waste shells sold in a local Thai market (called mixed shell powder) and ground shells from waste green mussel shells (called green mussel shells) prepared in the laboratory after calcination at different temperatures (800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C). Mixed shell powder containing five different types of mussel shells and green mussel shells were calcined for 2 h and 3 h, respectively. The time used for calcination of mixed shell powder and green mussel shells was different due to the different particle sizes of both shell wastes. We found that an optimal temperature of 1000 °C completely converted CaCO3 to CaO in both samples. The nanoscale size of CaO was detected at the surface of calcined shells. These shell wastes can be used as a bioresource of CaO.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
