Abstract
The surface morphology of nanoparticles significantly affects the final properties and interfacial characteristics of their composites. Thus, investigations on the surface morphology of the nanoparticles is essential to fabricate improved nanoparticle-reinforced composites. Fe3O4/Fe-phthalocyanine (FePc) hybrid microspheres with micro/mesoporous structures were prepared via a solvothermal process and solvent etching method. The surface morphology and compositional distribution were respectively investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM) to rule out that FePc monomers have been blended with Fe3O4 to form Fe3O4/FePc hybrid microspheres without serious agglomeration. The surface roughness of Fe3O4/FePc microspheres was investigated by the scanning probe microscope (SPM), and confirmed by the adsorption and desorption isotherms of N2. The effects of the various surface morphologies on the crystallization behavior of crystallizable poly(arylene ether nitrile) (c-PEN) were first employed to confirm the surface characteristics of the resulted microspheres. Results indicated that the etched Fe3O4/FePc microspheres would improve the crystallization degree of c-PEN, due to their much more micro/mesoporous structures than that of original Fe3O4/FePc. Then, Fe3O4/FePc hybrid microspheres reinforced PEN composite films were prepared and their interfacial compatibility was monitored using an SEM. Excellent thermal stability and improved mechanical properties were obtained by combining the etched Fe3O4/FePc and PEN matrix. The excellent surface properties and micro/mesoporous structures make the novel Fe3O4/FePc an excellent candidate of organic/inorganic hybrid fillers and micro/mesoporous materials.
Highlights
In the field of polymeric matrix composites, the interface compatibility between reinforcement and polymeric matrices is one of the most important factors that influence the composite properties [1,2,3].When the reinforcement was an inorganic filler, especially ceramic, the interface compatibility between the reinforcement and polymeric matrix was poor [4]
The Fe3 O4 /FePc hybrid microspheres were added into the NMP solvent treated by ultrasonic wave at room temperature and stirring for 1 h
After the crystallizable poly(arylene ether nitrile) (c-polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN)) was dissolved completely, the Fe3 O4 /FePc hybrid microspheres suspension was added into the c-PEN solution with ultrasonic waves and stirring at 70 ◦ C for 1 h
Summary
In the field of polymeric matrix composites, the interface compatibility between reinforcement and polymeric matrices is one of the most important factors that influence the composite properties [1,2,3]. A lot of preparation methods of micro/mesoporous structure materials have been obtained including templating [16], recrystallization [17], and dealumination/desilication [18], etc. The treatment may significantly destroy the organic components Compared with these methods, solution etching is a more simple and easy way to prepare porous materials. Organic/inorganic hybrid micro/mesoporous materials can be obtained with etching methods. A novel kind of micro/mesoporous Fe3 O4 /FePc hybrid microspheres was designed and prepared via an etching method. To further study the effects of the micro/mesoporous morphology on the interfacial properties of their composites, a kind of crystallizable poly(arylene ether nitrile) (c-PEN) were selected to confirm the morphology of the Fe3 O4 /FePc hybrid microspheres on the crystallization.
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