Micro-histology combined with cytology improves the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial lesions.

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In the study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of micro-histology combined with cytology to improve the quality of slides and diagnose endometrial lesions. Endometrial specimens were collected from Li Brushes. Every specimen was prepared for micro-histological and cytological slides, using cell block (CB) and liquid-based cytology (LBC) technologies. Semi-quantitative scoring system was used to evaluate the qualities of slides. CB slides were assessed by 5-category scoring system. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated in LBC, CB, and LBC + CB groups based on the histological gold standard. Endometrial atypical hyperplasia, and endometrial cancer were considered positive, whereas others were considered negative. A total of 167 patients were enrolled. CB slides were inferior to LBC slides only in cellularity (p < 0.001), but superior in the other six parameters (all p < 0.001). The satisfaction rate of micro-histology accounted for 92.3%. The accuracy index in the CB group was higher than in the LBC group in terms of sensitivity (85.5% vs. 82.7%) and specificity (98.9% vs. 95.7%). The sensitivity and specificity in the LBC + CB group were increased to 94.2% and 99.0%, respectively. The quality of micro-histological slides was higher than that of cytological slides. By combining micro-histology with cytology, higher accuracy was achieved for endometrial lesions diagnosis.