Abstract
Rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be potentially used in wireless communications and therefore attract research from both academia and industry recently. However, most UAV air-to-ground channel models under 6 GHz have ignored the micro-Doppler effects due to the UAV’s propellers. In this letter, we reveal its principle and develop a method to estimate the micro-Doppler, including sounding waveform design, channel modeling, and Doppler frequency estimation. Our simulation results demonstrate that the estimated root-mean-squared error of micro-Doppler is smaller than 18.83 Hz for 963.09 Hz micro-Doppler frequency shift resulting from the rotation of the propellers in the rotary-wing UAV sub-6 GHz communications systems.
Highlights
R OTARY-WING unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a key role in many commercial applications [1], such as flying camera, package delivery, public safety, and highprecision agriculture
Our method conducts the micro-Doppler frequency estimated from the adjacent samples, rather than the analyzed duration of the short time Fourier transform (STFT) as [7]–[9], so it can detect the micro-Doppler effect over the sub-6 radio band
We analyze micro-Doppler shift and develop estimation method for the air-to-ground channel in the sub-6 GHz frequency band, which is the first work in the related topic to the best of our knowledge
Summary
R OTARY-WING unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a key role in many commercial applications [1], such as flying camera, package delivery, public safety, and highprecision agriculture. Our method conducts the micro-Doppler frequency estimated from the adjacent samples, rather than the analyzed duration of the STFT as [7]–[9], so it can detect the micro-Doppler effect over the sub-6 radio band. The micro-Doppler effect for the rotary-wing UAV has been rarely investigated in the existing literature except for our previous work in [10]. Based on a simplified air-to-ground wireless communication model, we have analyzed the micro-Doppler effect caused by propeller’s rotation as a function of radio center frequency, motor revolution, propeller’s length, and propeller’s pitch, where the latter three factors are determined by the UAV’s configuration. We analyze micro-Doppler shift and develop estimation method for the air-to-ground channel in the sub-6 GHz frequency band, which is the first work in the related topic to the best of our knowledge
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