Abstract
Dynamic loading is often an unavoidable condition in various applications of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers and can cause various modes of damage. Realisation of dynamic damage in composites can differ significantly from that under quasi-static loading conditions. A comprehensive study of damage in composites caused by a wide variety of impact and blast loading is currently lacking. The work presents a detailed analysis of damage in specimens of a 2×2 twill weave T300 carbon-fibre/epoxy composite subjected to ballistic loading with both steel and ice projectiles (with energies from 95 J to 865 J at 70-90 m/s and 300-500 m/s, respectively) and air blast (with incident pressures of 0.4 MPa, 0.6 MPa and 0.8 MPa and wave speeds between 650 m/s and 950 m/s). The resultant damage was analysed in-depth based on detailed volumetric data obtained with high-resolution X-ray micro computed tomography.
Highlights
Over the last few decades the use of fibre-reinforced composites (FRCs) has risen considerably across many areas of application including automotive, aerospace, naval, defence, energy and sport
This paper presents the experimental case studies of both ballistic impact with steel and ice projectiles and air blast loading of carbon fibre/epoxy specimens, using digital image correlation and X-ray computed tomography (CT) to investigate and compare the levels of deformation and damage
The specimen subjected to the air blast undergoes global flexural bending between the supports with damage initiating at the centre of the rear surface
Summary
Over the last few decades the use of fibre-reinforced composites (FRCs) has risen considerably across many areas of application including automotive, aerospace, naval, defence, energy and sport. It becomes increasingly important to understand fully the effect of various dynamic loading conditions on a FRC’s response, in terms of both local and global deformation as well as visible and hidden damage. Efforts were made to understand the impact process of ice projectiles [6,7,8], the blast response of composites [9,10,11] and the effect on composite specimens as well as distribution of load and dispersion of kinetic energy. This paper presents the experimental case studies of both ballistic impact with steel and ice projectiles and air blast loading of carbon fibre/epoxy specimens, using digital image correlation and X-ray computed tomography (CT) to investigate and compare the levels of deformation and damage
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