Abstract
Abstract This research is mainly concerned with the characteristics of magnetohydrodynamics and Darcy–Forchheimer medium in nanofluid flow between two horizontal plates. A uniformly induced magnetic impact is involved at the direction normal to the lower plate. Darcy–Forchheimer medium is considered between the plates that allow the flow along horizontal axis with additional effects of porosity and friction. The features of Brownian diffusive motion and thermophoresis are disclosed. Governing problems are transformed into nonlinear ordinary problems using appropriate transformations. Numerical Runge–Kutta procedure is applied using MATLAB to solve the problems and acquire the data for velocity field, thermal distribution, and concentration distribution. Results have been plotted graphically. The outcomes indicate that higher viscosity results in decline in fluid flow. Thermal profile receives a decline for larger viscosity parameter; however, Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis appeared as enhancing factors for the said profile. Numerical data indicate that heat flux reduces for viscosity parameter. However, enhancement is observed in skin-friction for elevated values of porosity factor. Data of this paper are practically helpful in industrial and engineering applications of nanofluids.
Highlights
This research is mainly concerned with the characteristics of magnetohydrodynamics and Darcy– Forchheimer medium in nanofluid flow between two horizontal plates
For elevated values of viscosity parameter, one can see an enhancement in the concentration distribution shown in Figure 11, which confirms the mathematical expression of viscosity parameter and its physical significance in fluid flow
The impact of magnetic field is inversely related to the fluid flow
Summary
Abstract: This research is mainly concerned with the characteristics of magnetohydrodynamics and Darcy– Forchheimer medium in nanofluid flow between two horizontal plates. Hayat et al [5] discussed the findings of flow bounded by porous squeezed enclosure disclosing the features of magnetic field effects. Hayat et al [43] analyzed the entropy optimization and heat and mass transport mechanism using bidirectional water-based nanofluid flow subject to convective conditions. Sadiq and Hayat [44] reported Darcy–Forchheimer Maxwell type nanofluid flow via convectively heated stretching surface. Our motivation is based on three novel concepts: first, to involve two parallel plates having filled the gap with a porous medium that has never been reported yet; second, to involve magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) effect in this formulation; and to see the impact of squeezing nature of the model on the fluid flow analysis.
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