Abstract
This paper investigates the boundary layer analysis for magnetohydrodynamic partial slip flow and heat transfer of nanofluids through porous media over a stretching sheet with convective boundary condition. Four types of nanoparticles, namely copper, alumina, copper oxide and titanium oxide in the ethylene glycol (50%, i.e., Pr = 29.86) and water (i.e., Pr = 6.58) based fluids are studied. The governing highly nonlinear and coupled partial differential equations are solved numerically using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with shooting techniques. The velocity and temperature profiles are obtained and utilized to compute the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number for different values of the governing parameters viz. nanoparticle volume fraction parameter, magnetic field parameter, porosity parameter, velocity slip parameter and convective parameter. It is found that the velocity distribution of the nanofluids is a decreasing function of the magnetic parameter, porosity parameter, and velocity slip parameter. However, temperature of the nanofluids is an increasing function of magnetic field parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction parameter, porosity parameter, velocity slip parameter and convective parameter. The flow and heat transfer characteristics of the four nanofluids are compared. Moreover, comparison of the numerical results is made with previously published works for special cases and an excellent agreement is found.
 Keywords: Magnetohydrodynamics, Partial Slip, Porous medium, Convective boundary, Nanofluid.
Highlights
The study of the boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting fluid has many applications in manufacturing and natural process which include cooling of electronic devices by fans, cooling of nuclear reactors during emergency shutdown, cooling of an infinite metallic plate in a cooling bath, textile and paper industries, glass-fiber production, manufacture of plastic and rubber sheets, the utilization of geothermal energy, the boundary layer control in the field of aerodynamics, food processing, plasma studies and in the flow of biological fluids .Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is the study of the flow of electrically conducting fluids in a magnetic field
The application of magnetohydrodynamics in the polymer industry and metallurgy has attracted the attention of many researchers
The study of flows with partial slip is important in the micro-electromechanical systems
Summary
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is the study of the flow of electrically conducting fluids in a magnetic field. Many experimental and theoretical studies on conventional electrically conducting fluids indicate that magnetic field markedly changes their transport and heat transfer. The study of flows with partial slip is important in the micro-electromechanical systems. The flow in these systems deviates significantly from the traditional no-slip flow because of the micro-scale dimensions of these devices. Rarefied gas flows with slip boundary conditions are often encountered in the micro-scale devices and low-pressure situations (Wang, 2009; Fang et al, 2010)
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