Abstract
Correlation between cationic distribution, magnetic properties of Mg1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) ferrite is demonstrated, hardly shown in literature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the formation of cubic spinel nano ferrites with grain diameter between 40.8 to 55.4 nm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirms close agreement of Mg/Fe, Zn/Fe molar ratio, presence of all elements (Mg, Zn, Fe, O), formation of estimated ferrite composition. Zn addition (for Mg) shows: i) linear increase of lattice parameter aexp, accounted for replacement of an ion with higher ionic radius (Zn > Mg); ii) presence of higher population of Fe3+ ions on B site, and unusual occurrence of Zn, Mg on A and B site leads to non-equilibrium cation distribution where we observe inverse to mixed structure, and is in contrast to reported literature where inverse to normal transition is reported; iii) effect on A-A, A-B, B-B exchange interactions, affecting coercivity Hc, Ms. A new empirical relation is also obtained showing linear relation between saturation magnetization Ms – inversion parameter δ, oxygen parameter u4¯3m. Non-zero Y-K angle (αYK) values implies Y-K type magnetic ordering in the studied samples.
Highlights
Spinel ferrites have the general molecular formula MFe2O4 (M – divalent metal ion), have a face-centered-cubic close packed structure with two interpenetrating sub-lattices tetrahedral (A site), octahedral (B site), belongs to Fd3m space group, where structural, magnetic properties are different
With increasing demands on tuning of magnetic properties for various applications e. g. - high density data storage devices, resonance imaging contrast, catalytic activity, magnetic drug delivery, multilayer chip inductor (MLCI), hyperthermia, power electronics, and radio frequency (RF) applications,[5,6,7,8] it is essential to get accurate information on cation distribution, and sensible information on cationic distribution on A, B site can be obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD).[9,10]
In order to accomplish the above mentioned objective, in the present work we report our efforts to study correlation between cation distribution, inversion parameter and magnetic properties of
Summary
Spinel ferrites have the general molecular formula MFe2O4 (M – divalent metal ion), have a face-centered-cubic (fcc) close packed structure with two interpenetrating sub-lattices tetrahedral (A site), octahedral (B site), belongs to Fd3m space group, where structural, magnetic properties are different. A controlled Zn-substitution in Mg-ferrite will transform the spinel structure from inverse to normal via mixed structure, leading to systematic changes in the distribution of cations on A, B sites, which in-turn will have noticeable effect on magnetic properties. It may be noted that any deviation from the ideal normal or inverse spinel structure, would even lead to non-equilibrium site occupancy generally observed in nano-structured ferrites.[17]. The literature seldom reports correlation between magnetic properties, cation distribution and role of inversion parameter δ (represents the number of metal ions Mg2+ and Zn2+ in A site),[23] in determining structural, magnetic properties of Mg1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) ferrite. Mg1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) prepared by solution combustion method
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