Abstract
Over the past few years, several types of radiosensitizers have been developed to address the challenges of tumor hypoxia in favor of cancer radiotherapy. In this study, we aimed to synthesize a nano-radiosensitizers via conjugation of metronidazole (Met) to bovine serum albumin coated bismuth sulfide nanoparticles (Bi2S3@BSA NPs), named Bi2S3@BSA-Met. The NPs were characterized with different techniques. Bi2S3@BSA-Met NPs were shown to have a mean hydrodynamic particle size around 154 nm and a spherical shape with homogenous size distribution. Apoptosis assay revealed that the combination of Bi2S3@BSA-Met NPs with X-Ray irradiation potentiated the cell apoptotic rate. Furthermore, one of the most striking results to emerge from the data comparison was the effects of Met on radiosensitization of 4T1 cells under hypoxia condition. Conjugation of Met to Bi2S3@BSA NPs resulted in superior cell cytotoxicity upon X-ray irradiation. Results provide unprecedented evidence for the potential capability of Met as an effective radiation sensitizer for hypoxic tumor cells.
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