Metody identyfikacji zagrożeń i ocen ryzyka używane w przemyśle naftowym i gazowniczym

Abstract

The article discusses the preparation and implementation of a complete comprehensive safety assessment of a hazardous production facility, such as environmental risk management, the risks of designing and operating enterprises, taking into account the human factor, engineering psychology, the development of labour protection management systems and other risks. When assessing risks when implementing various processes, for example, the transport support of offshore fields, it makes sense to prepare a comprehensive safety assessment of the individual operational structures. In this case, bow tie analysis is used to examine risk by demonstrating a range of possible causes and effects. The method should be applied in a situation where it is difficult to perform a complete fault tree analysis or where the research is more focused on creating barriers or controls for each failure path. The methodology for this analysis is the same as preparing and implementing an HSE for whole enterprise. The possibility to apply the Pareto principle to estimate technogenic risk parameters of composite systems was studied. According to the Pareto principle there are a few important parameters among many unimportant ones. Hence, the main success is achieved not by the many actions, but the few. This is applicable to a wide range of research areas, including manufacturing, economical and physical ones. In a bow tie diagram, some calculations may be applied for example, in a situation where the paths are independent and the probability of certain outcomes is known. Such a quantitative assessment is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of control.