Abstract
The development of resistance in microbes against antibiotics and limited choice for the use of chemical preservatives in food lead the urgent need to search for an alternative to antibiotics. The enzymes are catalytic proteins that catalyze digestion of bacterial cell walls and protein requirements for the survival of the cell. To study methyltransferase as antibiotics against foodborne pathogen, the methyltransferase enzyme sequence was modeled and its interactions were analyzed against a membrane protein of the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria through in silico protein–protein interactions. The methyltransferase interaction with cellular protein was found to be maximum, due to the maximum PatchDock Score (15808), which was followed by colicin (12864) and amoxicillin (4122). The modeled protein has found to be interact more significantly to inhibit the indicator bacteria than the tested antibiotics and antimicrobial colicin protein. Thus, model enzyme methyltransferase could be used as enzymobiotics. Moreover, peptide sequences similar to this enzyme sequence need to be designed and evaluated against the microbial pathogen.
Highlights
Chemotherapy has renovated the treatments against bacterial disease and fungal diseases
Enzymes play a significant role in the expression of cellular proteins, cell wall polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and other cellular metabolites that are required for the survival of the cell
Enzymes play a significant role for the expression of cellular proteins, cell wall polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and other cellular metabolites that are required for the survival of the cell
Summary
Chemotherapy has renovated the treatments against bacterial disease and fungal diseases. Many pathogens become protective against available antibiotics and pose a threat to the health of humans and animals. Various alternatives to antibiotics such as probiotics, nanobiotics, antimicrobial peptides or bacteriocin, CRISPR-Cas, quorum-sensing inhibitors, phage therapy, and immunotherapy exist (Kumar et al, 2021). The enzymes are proteinaceous molecules and known as biocatalysts or endopeptidases. Recent research has reported that enzymes could be used as a special class of antimicrobial enzymobiotics, against microbial infections and to control the drug-resistant microbes. Enzymes play a significant role in the expression of cellular proteins, cell wall polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and other cellular metabolites that are required for the survival of the cell. The use of enzymes as bacteriophage holins and their membrane-disrupting activity, anti-staphylococcal lytic enzymes, and membrane-targeted antibiotics have been recently highlighted by much research
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