Methylation status of potential genes in breast cancer patients and correlate them with gene expression

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the world’s most prevalent cancer among women. Globally approximately 2.3 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer in 2020. It arises due to epigenetic modification which outlooks aberrant methylation as its major cause. The methylation of DNA involves a covalent chemical modification which is one of the major drawback, promoting development of breast cancer. In addition, evidence and investigation suggest that these methylations at promoter region of CpG islands leads to silencing of gene associated with tumor suppressor which is involved in crucial gene expression leading to establishment of breast cancer. Among variety of hyper methylated gene involved in different function linked with breast cancer, the hyper methylation of BRCA1 gene is identified as the targeted gene in precipitating disorder. A lot of susceptible genes are identified and based on their penetrance ability are being classified In order to analyze DNA methylation status Bisulfite sequencing is employed which is based on the mechanism of converting every un-methylated cytosine into uracil. With the advancement in gene sequencing the concept of whole genome bisulfite sequencing is also on the way to determine the DNA methylation occurring at single base. Another robust and sensitive approach to determine the methylated status is RT-PCR, a diagnostic tool applied in order to detect the expression of single gene