Abstract
Ependymomas are neuroepithelial tumors of the central nervous system with heterogeneous biology and clinical course. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the methylation status and clinicopathological parameters in ependymomas. DNA methylation status of CDKN2A, RASSF1A, KLF4 and ZIC2 genes were quantitatively analyzed with pyrosequencing in 44 ependymoma tumor tissues. The relationship of methylation profiles with tumor subtype, histological grade and patient age was statistically analyzed. DNA methylation analyses for CDKN2A revealed no difference in methylation levels. Of the 31 included samples for optimal ZIC2 methylation analysis, 10 were hypermethylated (32.3%) and this change was significantly found in the adult spinal ependymomas (p=0.01). KLF4 hypermethylation was observed in 6 of the overall included 35 samples (17.1%); however, there was no statistically significant relation of the methylation status with tumor subtype, histological grade or age group. RASSF1A hypermethylation was observed in overall 40 included samples with varying methylation levels. Higher levels of hypermethylation were significantly related to the grade 3 histology (p=0.01) and spinal ependymomas (p=0.006). The pediatric cases with grade 3 ependymomas and ependymomas of adulthood showed significantly increased RASSF1A hypermethylation levels (p < 0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). DNA methylation changes are likely to have biological importance in ependymomas. Both ZIC2 and RASSF1A methylation status may be useful parameters in the subclassification of these tumors.
Highlights
Ependymomas are neuroepithelial tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) located both in the brain and spinal cord [1]
For the CDKN2A methylation analysis, 18 samples were included in the study, and hypermethylation was not detected in any case
Of the 31 included samples for optimal ZIC2 methylation analysis, 10 were hypermethylated (32.3%) and this change was significantly found in the adult spinal ependymomas, NOS (p=0.01)
Summary
Ependymomas are neuroepithelial tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) located both in the brain and spinal cord [1]. We aimed to investigate the methylation status of the RASSF1A, CDKN2A, KLF4 and ZIC2 genes and to address the relationship of the methylation profiling of the selected genes with tumor subtype, histological grade or age group, as well as to highlight their significance in precision medicine. DNA methylation status of the CDKN2A, RASSF1A, KLF4 and ZIC2 genes were quantitatively analyzed with pyrosequencing.
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