Abstract
Ceramic matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes are becoming increasingly popular in industry due to their astonishing mechanical properties and taking into account the fact that advanced production technologies make carbon nanotubes increasingly affordable. In the present paper, the most convenient contemporary methods used for the compaction of molding masses composed of either technical ceramics or ceramic matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes are surveyed. This stage that precedes debinding and sintering plays the key role in getting pore-free equal-density ceramics at the scale of mass production. The methods include: compaction in sealed and collector molds, cold isostatic and quasi-isostatic compaction; dynamic compaction methods, such as magnetic pulse, vibration, and ultrasonic compaction; extrusion, stamping, and injection; casting from aqueous and non-aqueous slips; tape and gel casting. Capabilities of mold-free approaches to produce precisely shaped ceramic bodies are also critically analyzed, including green ceramic machining and additive manufacturing technologies.
Highlights
Compaction molding is an important technological stage in the mass production of technical ceramics and ceramic matrix composites
The compaction is recommended to be done in vacuo
We surveyed general methods applied to molding ceramic matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes
Summary
Compaction molding is an important technological stage in the mass production of technical ceramics and ceramic matrix composites (hereinafter, CMCs). It is known that the inhomogeneous distribution of components within a molding mass can give rise to an emergence of textures or ordered domains, which are commonly recommended to be avoided All these general factors are valid for the compaction of CMCs reinforced with CNTs. ceramic particles and CNTs are drastically different in terms of their tribological properties, shape, size, and mass of constituting particles. At a binder content of as high as 50–70 vol.%, the molding mass acquires properties of a viscous liquid (which is called a ceramic slip) In such a case, green bodies are formed through slip casting. The fundamental classification of methods used for the compaction and molding in ceramics technology is thoroughly discussed in many books [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]
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