Abstract
This study aims to provide an updated survey of the main synthesis methods of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles in order to obtain tailored nanosystems for various biomedical applications. The synthesis approach significantly impacts the properties of such nanoparticles and these properties in turn have a significant impact on their biomedical applications. Although not widely investigated as an efficient drug delivery system, CuO nanoparticles have great biological properties including effective antimicrobial action against a wide range of pathogens and also drug resistant bacteria. These properties have led to the development of various approaches with direct applications to the biomedical field, such as tailored surfaces with antimicrobial effect, wound dressings and modified textiles. It is also believed that these nanosystems could represent efficient alternatives in the development of smart systems utilized both for the detection of pathogens and for the treatment of infections.
Highlights
IntroductionInterest has especially increased in the case of metal oxide nanoparticles, because these particles are widely used as industrial catalysts, chemical sensing devices, in medical applications, disinfection, as antimicrobials, fillers, opacifiers, catalysts, semiconductors and they are useful in the development of cosmetics and microelectronics [1,2,3,4,5]
Results showed that CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were more toxic than Cu2+, due to the increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage and decrease levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) compared to control [60,61]
CuO nanoparticles can be synthesized by various methods, and by using various bulk materials and coating agents to obtain different types of nanosystems with various applications
Summary
Interest has especially increased in the case of metal oxide nanoparticles, because these particles are widely used as industrial catalysts, chemical sensing devices, in medical applications, disinfection, as antimicrobials, fillers, opacifiers, catalysts, semiconductors and they are useful in the development of cosmetics and microelectronics [1,2,3,4,5]. Metal oxide nanoparticles, such as copper oxide (CuO), have attracted attention mostly because of their antimicrobial and biocide properties and they may be used in many biomedical applications [6,7]. These nanoparticles induce oxidative stress in human pulmonary epithelial cells, promote toxicity and can damage DNA and mitochondria [7,15,18]
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