METHODS OF NITROPYRIDINE SYNTHESIS

Abstract

Background. Pyridine derivatives are widely used in pharmaceuticals, agrochemistry, as well as in the production of new materials. The pyridine and piperidine rings are the main structural fragments of numerous natural alkaloids with a wide spectrum of biological activity. Many of these alkaloids have anticancer and anti-neurological and other medical activities and continue to be valuable research subjects to stimulate drug discovery. Highly efficient methods for the synthesis of various pyridine derivatives and piperidine enantiomers will continue to be in high demand. In this regard, the analysis and systematization of the main results of studies on the synthesis of nitropyridines is an urgent task.
 Purpose. To summarize and systematize the main methods for the synthesis of pyridine nitro derivatives from the beginning of the last century to the present.
 Materials and methods. To achieve this goal of the study, a review of the scientific literature on the main methods of obtaining nitropyridines was carried out.
 Results. This literature review presents the results of experimental studies on the synthesis of pyridine nitro derivatives starting from the first half of the 20th century and up to the present time.
 Conclusion. Thus, it was possible to summarize the scattered but rather extensive factual material accumulated to date on the preparation of pyridine nitro derivatives. Several main approaches to the synthesis are considered, starting from aliphatic compounds, by nitration of pyridine and its derivatives, as well as by oxidation of aminopyridines.