METHODS OF INVESTIGATING GAS LEAKS IN PIPELINE BELTS

Abstract

The use of combustible gases in household and industry began in the past centuries. By processing coal, methane and other gas mixtures contained in it were obtained. For the first time, this method was used in England in the 19th century. A large number of plants have started operating, which realized the purchase. This processed gas was used to burn large furnaces and relatively heat houses. Over the years, people began to use natural gas as a fuel and its use became more and more widespread. Already in the middle of the 20th century, along with other combustible gases, natural gas began to be used in industry and household. Historical sources show that the most use of natural gas was in the United States. The reason for this is the discovery of large gas fields in the country. The history of the beginning of the gas industry in the United States The year 1831 is considered. Later, the wide consumption of natural gas in the pipe-laying industry and in households began here. Wide use of natural gas in Azerbaijan began in the middle of the 19th century. Natural gas was used as a fuel for the first time in 1859 in a factory operating in Surakhani. Gas energy is the main source of energy used in many home and industrial applications. However, gas leaks can pose serious hazards. Timely detection and repair of gas leaks play an important role in preventing dangerous situations such as fire, explosion and poisoning. In this article, we will focus on the methods used to investigate gas leaks. The article examines and analyzes the types of gas leak detection. The main goal of selecting automatic systems in gas pipelines and their analysis is to detect gas leaks and accurately control gas consumption. The article analyzes the following methods of monitoring gas leaks in a gas pipeline: Volume balance method, gas movement time-varying pressure drop method, acoustic emission method, ultrasound method and pressure profile method. Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages. The results of the application of all the considered methods vary depending on the parameters of the external environment. The parameters of the external environment can be given as an example of temperature, density and pressure. The main task of the proposed methods is the accuracy of the measurement results in the changing parameters of the external environment. Let's consider modern methods of detecting gas leaks in pipelines. Two main methods have been developed for locating gas leaks: visual and instrumental methods. Special attention is also paid to one of the most common automatic gas analyzers - gas sensors. Keywords: Gas leak detection, automatic gas analyzers, pipelines, gas leak monitoring, gas sensors.