Abstract
Today there is a need to develop a method of hydrokinesis therapy as a means of gradual formation of motor skills in children with spastic diplegia of cerebral palsy of the chronic-residual stage of the disease in a comprehensive program of physical rehabilitation. The purpose of the study is to develop a method of hydrokinesis therapy for children 3-5 years with cerebral palsy of spastic form. The main novelties of the developed technique of hydrokinesis therapy: development of application of complexes of exercises in hydrokinesis therapy, which differs in structure from the generally accepted methods for patients with cerebral palsy of spastic form in the chronic-residual stage of the disease; combination of means of physical rehabilitation with the technique of hydrokinesis therapy during the annual cycle. The study involved 24 children 3-5 years of age with a diagnosis of "cerebral palsy, spastic diplegia" of the chronic-residual stage of the disease of moderate severity. To achieve this goal, theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature were used; pedagogical experiment and observation; medical and biological methods (used anthropometry and Pinier index; goniometry, assessment of basic motor functions (ABMF) on the Likert scale, muscle tone on the Ashfort scale, muscle strength on the Lovett scale; assessment of manipulative activity and speed response of the hands on trapping- the test made it possible to determine the level of development of fine motor skills); sociological methods (surveys of parents on questionnaires of social and emotional state and level of children's play activities); methods of mathematical statistics were used to process the actual experimental material, assess the reliability of the data. There were significant (p <0.01) changes in the indicators of social and emotional state in children with main group (MG) by 15.5%, in comparative group (CG) - by 11.7%, and there was a slight improvement in play activity in children with MG by 9.6%, in CG - by 5.75%. The developed method of hydrokinesiotherapy is effective and helps to improve the functions of general and fine motor skills, socio-emotional state and the level of activity of play activities of children 3-5 years with cerebral palsy of spastic form.
Highlights
Disability is a social phenomenon that no society can avoid
The results of the analysis of the indicators of the primary examination of indicators of basic motor functions assessment (IBMFA) indicate a delay in the development of motor skills in children with cerebral palsy
Indicators were lower than the norm in the performance of skills "lying and turning" in the main group (MG) by 21.4%, in comparative group (CG) - by 20%; "Sitting" in the exhaust - by 37.7%, in the CG - by 34.4%; "Creeping and crawling" in MG - by 44.1%, in CG - by 38.1%; "Standing" in the MG by 71.2%, in the CG - by 69.9%; "Walking, running and jumping" in the MG by 78.7%, in the CG - by 75.7%
Summary
Disability is a social phenomenon that no society can avoid. According to WHO experts, the number of children with disabilities and social functions is about 10% of the world's population. Among the causes of disability in children in the first place are diseases of the nervous system - 18.2% (Vashchenko et al, 2012), the prevalence of which has almost doubled over the past 10 years, children with cerebral palsy are leading place - 2.6% (Khozbey, Mishchenko, Golik, & Gondulenko, 2011; Korneev et al, 2012). The problem of cerebral palsy (CP) has medical and social (Mysula, & Vakulenko, 2005), and universal significance. Cerebral palsy is primarily manifested by a violation of movements, balance and body position (Badalyan et al, 1988), the inability to distribute muscular effort causes significant difficulties in manipulative activity (Mastyukova, 1991). Different aspects of the problem under study are covered in the works of many scholars (Sheremet at al., 2019; Maksymchuk et al, 2020)
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