Abstract
With frequent heavy rainfalls in summer in Poland and fast-melting snow in spring leading to flooding of sewage systems (due to excessive filling levels in water receivers or difficulties with temporary retention of the excess stormwater), a variety of systems are being developed to facilitate transfer of the stormwater to water receivers. Outflow of the excess stormwater is usually ensured by the use of gravitational outflow collectors that connect stormwater drains with waterways. The transfer occurs during intensive precipitation, when the excess wastewater overflows through stormwater drains and is transferred directly to water receivers in order to relieve wastewater treatment plants or to minimize diameters of sewers. These systems are useful wherever the filling levels in waterways are not very high or the sewerage system is located relatively high with respect to the water receiver i.e. outflow collector is located on a steep slope. In such cases, the stormwater that flows through a waterway cannot be returned to the outflow collector. If the gravitational flow is impossible due to e.g. the excessive filling level of water receiver, stormwater can be transferred by means of a variety of modern solutions, such as retention and transfer reservoirs. These reservoirs are supposed to ensure partial retention of the excess stormwater and transfer of this water to water receivers, either gravitationally or forced mechanically, depending on the filling level in the waterway. The transfer reservoirs for the stormwater presented in this paper might be successfully used in modernization of current sewage systems, ensuring the reliability of operation and a more effective wastewater transfer than the systems used to date. All the reservoirs of this type are characterized by similar design and function and guarantee that the wastewater might be transferred regardless of the conditions in the water receiver.
Highlights
Various countries all over the world use different solutions to the problem of wastewater transfer
In the case of higher filling levels of the watercourse, the connection of the drainage chamber to the watercourse is cut off by a flap valve whereas the wastewater filling the drainage chamber is discharged by the pumping unit into the tower chamber. In such a transfer reservoir, it is recommended that the pumping unit should contain at least two pumps whose total volumetric flow rate should be greater than the calculated maximum wastewater inflow
The transfer reservoir for stormwater discussed in this study can be built near channels of water receivers where the wastewater is supposed to be transferred to
Summary
Various countries all over the world use different solutions to the problem of wastewater transfer. Another problem is observed in areas directly adjacent to rivers or artificial dams where raised water levels are much higher than land elevation. If the surface water ( including stormwater from precipitation) is released directly to the water receiver (river), the protection in the form of flap valves installed on the river side of the embankment should be monitored and maintained at regular intervals. They become inaccessible in case of raised river levels [2]. Permanent inhibition is observed if the dewatered areas are located in the depression with respect to the filling levels in the receiver due to the accumulation of water [5, 6]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
