Abstract
Introduction and hypothesisThe objective was to review different methods that have been used to assess bladder sensation and to provide an overview of the accuracy and objectivity of the measurement of the subjective perception of the bladder.MethodsThe MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched to identify articles. References from those articles were also searched. Terms used for the search were: urinary bladder, sensation, cystometry, urodynamics, urinary incontinence and focus group. Eight hundred and fifty abstracts were identified from databases, and 12 from other sources. Twenty-two duplicate articles were removed. Irrelevant articles were excluded after reading their titles. Fifty-four articles were eligible, but 17 were excluded after reading the full text, leaving 37 articles where assessment of bladder sensation was the main aim.ResultsSix different methods of measuring bladder sensation have been described in the literature. Although the most frequently used was cystometry, this is an invasive tool and does not reproduce bladder behaviour during daily life because it records bladder sensation as episodic events. The visual analogue scale using a forced diuresis protocol seemed to be an excellent tool. It was non-invasive and evaluated bladder sensation continuously, from an empty to a full bladder.ConclusionsIn some of the studies, the samples were too small to draw any significant conclusions. There were also conflicting data on which tool was the most accurate, especially as each method of evaluating bladder sensation may influence the way it is described by participants.
Highlights
Introduction and hypothesisThe objective was to review different methods that have been used to assess bladder sensation and to provide an overview of the accuracy and objectivity of the measurement of the subjective perception of the bladder
There were conflicting data on which tool was the most accurate, especially as each method of evaluating bladder sensation may influence the way it is described by participants
The study found that 80% of the short-term participants and 73% of the long-term group had an identical pattern of filling sensation: first sensation of filling (FSF), first desire to void (FDV) and SDV
Summary
The objective was to review different methods that have been used to assess bladder sensation and to provide an overview of the accuracy and objectivity of the measurement of the subjective perception of the bladder. The sensory pathway that processes bladder perception is complex. Sensation-related bladder diaries (SR-BDs) [4,5,6,7], cystometry [8,9,10], visual analogue scales (VAS) [11, 12], frequency volume charts [13] and forced diuresis [2, 14] are some of the tools used to measure bladder sensation. Bladder sensation develops as a continuous and increasing process, most of these methods assess bladder perception by asking for three separate events: first sensation of filling (FSF), first desire to void (FDV) and strong desire to void
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