Methods of Analytical Orientation of Individual Photographs in Two-Medium-Photogrammetry and Practical Tests

Abstract

In analytical orientation for a pair of two-medium photographs we have two ways; the one is the way to devide the orientation in two phases, relative and absolute orientation, and the other is the way to calculate the outer orientation elements of individual photographs according to the orientation theory in single photogrammetry. The researches of the first way have been carried out by K. Rinner1), 2) , B. Schmutter and L. Bonfiglioli3) , and A. Okamoto and J. Hohle4) , and also various methods were developed. But as shown in the reference4) , these methods have a disadvantage that the obtained accuracy is rather unsatisfied on account of the great correlations between the relative orientation elements and that some corrections are necessary to the result. Therefore, the orientation theory of individual photographs is to be considered to carry out the orientation of two-medium photographs effectively and two new methods are developed in this paper.The ground coordinate system is usually selected in carring out the orientation of individual photographs. Therefore, we have only to determine the outer orientation elements of individual photographs, when the refractive surface is given. It follows that the correlations between the unknowns are reduced. This is a great advantage of the methods proposed. The further advantage of the methods is that we can use them easily, even if the refractive surface is curved and unknown.These two methods were tested with three experimental models and proved to have a fairly good accuracy.