Abstract
The success in development of winter durum wheat varieties with a high adaptability to abio- and biotic stress conditions, large and stable productivity is usually determined by the diversity of initial material and methods for its preparation. The most efective method to develop genetic variability among winter durum wheat varieties and other grain crops is hybridization (intraspecifc, interspecifc, and intergeneric). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the breeding material obtained in the breeding process among intraspecifc and interspecifc hybrids of diferent types of hybridization according to the main economically valuable traits and properties and to identify a more efective method/type of hybridization. The object of the study was 28 breeding lines of durum winter wheat identifed from the following types of hybridization: the 1st type was T. winter durum x T. winter durum (paired and gradual), 7 samples; the 2nd type was T. winter durum x T. winter durum (paired), 3 samples; the 3rd type was F1 (T. winter durum x. T. winter durum) x T. winter durum, 4 samples; the 4th type was T. winter aestivum x T. winter durum (direct and reverse), 7 samples; the 5th type was F1 (T. winter aestivum x. T. winter durum) x T. winter durum (triple), 7 samples. According to the comparative study results of breeding material of intraspecifc and interspecifc hybrids, it has been found that intraspecifc paired and gradual hybridization, which provided high productivity and grain quality was a more efective method for developing of winter durum wheat varieties. The rest types of crossings, primarily interspecifc, could be helpful to obtain initial material with a high level of winter tolerance, resistance to lodging and diseases, for their further use in intraspecifc gradual hybridization.
Highlights
The success in development of winter durum wheat varieties with a high adaptability to abio- and biotic stress conditions, large and stable productivity is usually determined by the diversity of initial material and methods for its preparation
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the breeding material obtained in the breeding process among intraspecific and interspecific hybrids of different types of hybridization according to the main economically valuable traits and properties and to identify a more effective method/type of hybridization
The object of the study was 28 breeding lines of durum winter wheat identified from the following types of hybridization: the 1st type was T. winter durum x T. winter durum, 7 samples; the 2nd type was T. winter durum x T. winter durum, 3 samples; the 3rd type was F1
Summary
The success in development of winter durum wheat varieties with a high adaptability to abio- and biotic stress conditions, large and stable productivity is usually determined by the diversity of initial material and methods for its preparation. According to the comparative study results of breeding material of intraspecific and interspecific hybrids, it has been found that intraspecific paired and gradual hybridization, which provided high productivity and grain quality was a more effective method for developing of winter durum wheat varieties. В ФГБНУ «АНЦ «Донской» и в настоящее время основными методами остаются внутривидовая и межвидовая гибридизация с использованием разных типов скрещиваний, привлечение в качестве родительских форм современных интенсивных сортов мягкой и твердой озимой, твердой яровой пшеницы с высоким уровнем продуктивности, устойчивости к полеганию, зимостойкости и т.д. Объектом исследований послужили 28 лучших по продуктивности селекционных линий озимой твердой пшеницы, выделенных в каждом типе скрещиваний и дошедших до станционных испытаний, созданных методами внутривидовой и межвидовой гибридизации разных типов скрещиваний. 1. Год гибридизации и поколение отбора линий озимой твердой пшеницы разных типов скрещиваний 1. The year of hybridization and selection of the winter durum wheat lines of various types of hybridization
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