Abstract
Summary Since surface characteristics of rubber, combined with physical manipulation, may influence bacterial contamination of teat-cup liners, methods developed for sanitation studies incorporated a flexing action of the liners under partial vacuum, as occurs in practical operation. A modified “artificial udder” and “milking” technique was utilized for the contamination of liners in the laboratory. Bacterial counts of liners contaminated by this means were in the same general range as that of liners contaminated under practical conditions. Contamination was reasonably uniform in each of the four liners in a set and in separate sets of four liners contaminated from the same lot of milk.
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