Abstract
ABSTRACT Brown Nitossolos (Nitisols) and Latossolos (Ferralsols), according to the Brazilian System of Soil Classification (SiBCS), have a “carater retratil” as their distinctive property. Because this is a new topic, it is necessary to propose methods for evaluation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate methodologies for quantifying the shrinkage of soil using the Syringe Method and the Metallic Mercury Method, and to propose a new one, the “Ring with Sand Method”. Soil samples from eight pedons were used, [...]
Highlights
The "caráter retrátil" is a recent theme in Brazilian soil science
Analyses that measured soil shrinkage resulted in different values for the same soil (Table 2), as expected, since: i) the procedures used differed among the methods, as well as the calculations to obtain the results; ii) the Metallic Mercury and Syringe methods use soil samples with disturbed structure, such as a wet soil paste, whereas in the Ring with Sand Method, samples with undisturbed structure are used; and iii) the values obtained with the Syringe Method refer to linear shrinkage, while the other two refer to volumetric shrinkage
These factors should be weighed in interpretation of the results
Summary
The "caráter retrátil" is a recent theme in Brazilian soil science. The expression "caráter retrátil" does not have a clear correspondence in the english language, but refers to shrinkage properties of soils after drying. The concept and its inclusion as a mandatory criterion in the definition of the taxonomic suborders of Latossolo Bruno (Ferralsols) and Nitossolo Bruno (Nitisols) was introduced in the proposal to update the second edition of the Brazilian Soil Classification System - SiBCS (Santos et al, 2012), and inserted in the latest edition of the SiBCS (Santos et al, 2013). The expansion and shrinkage properties of Nitossolos and Latossolos Brunos, as well as of some Latossolos Vermelhos (Ferralsols) derived from lava flows from the Serra Geral Formation in the extreme south of Brazil, are significant and were recognized as a peculiar property of these soils during the IX Soil Classification and Correlation Meeting held in 2008 (Almeida, 2008), in which more than 60 pedologists from various regions of Brazil participated. The expansion and shrinkage properties of Nitossolos and Latossolos Brunos, as well as of some Latossolos Vermelhos (Ferralsols) derived from lava flows from the Serra Geral Formation in the extreme south of Brazil, are significant and were recognized as a peculiar property of these soils during the IX Soil Classification and Correlation Meeting held in 2008 (Almeida, 2008), in which more than 60 pedologists from various regions of Brazil participated. Lemos et al (1973), during the Rio Grande do Sul Soil Recognition Survey, had already mentioned the presence of shrinkage in Latossolos Brunos of the Mapping Units of Vacaria and Durox, describing the presence of perpendicular slits in the face of the pedons when exposed to the sun
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