Methods for Describing the Dynamics of Agricultural Machinery Processes

Abstract

Agricultural machines are complex dynamic systems. The machine’s operation in a non-uniform environment can be considered as a reaction to input influences: field irregularities, ground resistance, and operating mode parameters. Improving technical means and technologies for soil cultivation, harvesting of agricultural crops improving the design parameters of machines requires correct problem setting and correctly selected methods of solving them. Usually two approaches are used in the study of dynamic processes-deterministic and statistical. It is shown that the complex nature of the dynamics of agricultural machines can be described by a nonlinear dynamic system with a limited number of independent variables. Experimental data on measuring the traction resistance of trailed agricultural machines: pick-up and comb-forming machines are presented. The measurements were carried out on the basis of the Ural testing center for agricultural machinery, and the measuring and computing system was used to register signals in digital form. As a result of mathematical data processing, the spectrum, probability distribution density, and dynamic (fractal) dimension of signals were obtained. Differences in the dynamic characteristics of agricultural machines are established. The value of the dynamic (fractal) dimension of the traction resistance of the comb-forming machine is equal to four. Four differential equations are required to describe the operation of this machine. Workflow optimization is based on a mathematical model that describes an agricultural machine as a dynamic system. The obtained results provide the basis for further work on describing the dynamics of agricultural machines.