Methodology of diesel particulate filter testing on test bed for non-road engine application

Abstract

This paper describes the methodology and test results of diesel particulate filter (DPF) functional testing performed on non-road compression ignition engine installed on test bed. The scope of work included testing of various DPF regeneration strategies, backpressure and balance point tests and emission performance evaluation during a legislative test cycles. The aim of this study was to observe and investigate the influence of exhaust gas parameters on DPF functionality in terms of soot loading, type and duration of the regeneration and emission performance. Under investigation was also the capability of soot burning rate. The DPF sample under test was part of the complete exhaust aftertreatment system (ATS) which consisted of: a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a DPF and a selective catalytic reduction system (SCR). Testing was carried out on a heavy-duty diesel engine installed on a test stand with a dynamic dynamometer and equipped with an emission bench. The test program allowed to assess the engine matching to exhaust aftertreatment system with regard to emissions compliance, in-service operation and necessary engine control unit (ECU) calibration works. The results show the influence of the DPF regeneration strategy on its duration and on the soot mass burn rate. Passive DPF regeneration was a favorable mode of DPF cleaning, due to lack of fuel penalty and lower aging impact on the entire ATS. Optimization of soot flow rate, exhaust gas temperature and the chemistry of the DOC/DPF was further recommended to ensure the long-term durability of the entire system.