Methodology of calculation of construction and hydrodynamic parameters of a foam layer apparatus for mass-transfer processes

Abstract

Industrial implementation of the stabilization method of the gas-liquid layer can significantly expand the field of use of foaming apparatus and opens up new opportunities for intensifying technological processes with the simultaneous creation of low-waste technologies. The article establishes the basic parameters influencing the hydrodynamics of foam apparatus, considers the basic constructions and operating modes of foam apparatus. The connection of hydrodynamic parameters is revealed. The hydrodynamic laws of the foam layer are considered. The indicated factors affecting the process of mass transfer, both in the gas and in the liquid phases. The conducted analysis of a number of studies showed that the perspective direction of intensification of the mass transfer process is the development of apparatuses with a three-phase fluidized bed of an irrigated nozzle of complex forms with mesh materials.It is indicated that the mechanism of transition of the nozzle to the mode of advanced fluidization will be significantly different from conventional ballistic nozzles. The study of mass transfer in an absorber with a fluidized bed of an irrigated nozzle is complicated by the fact that the contact surface between phases can vary considerably depending on the hydrodynamic conditions, in particular, on the speed of gas and irrigation density. At the same time it is difficult to determine the influence of these factors in itself on the contact surface and on the coefficient of mass transfer. Consequently, it is necessary to carry out special investigations of the hydrodynamic modes of the apparatus with a mesh nozzle and the determination of the parameters that influence the speed of the transfer of the nozzle from one mode to another. For gas cleaning systems from gaseous components, it is necessary to provide small loads on the liquid while maintaining a high degree of purification. This can be achieved by using a drip tray with a small free section and a newly designed nozzle.