Abstract
This paper presents the methodology for the implementation of building typology principles as a tool for the strategic planning of residential building stock energy retrofits on a municipal level in Serbia. Research was conducted under the IEE EPISCOPE (Intelligent Energy Europe EPISCOPE/TABULA project) project with the aim of developing an adequate tool for creating building stock energy retrofit management strategies on a local level. An approach that envisions the diversity and uneven spatial distribution of building stock in smaller scale municipalities and includes statistically relevant sampling of all relevant building types was developed and tested in the pilot project that focused on the city of Vršac. Two options for local typology development were formulated: a top-down approach, which relies on the data from the national typology or other available databases by reducing them to the local level, and a bottom-up approach, which represents a new data gathering and processing method. Both approaches were tested in the pilot project and the results are compared in this paper. From the conclusions of these analyses, a common methodology for the development of local building typologies has been defined. It can be used in the strategic planning of building stock, whether for the purpose of developing local energy action plans (LEAPs) or other purposes internationally.
Highlights
Accepting the fact that fossil fuel stock is limited and that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are causing climate changes, developed countries have set up goals for upgrading the energy efficiency of buildings and introduction of energy from renewable sources in use in the building sector
Research has stated that a reduction in CO2 emissions is primarily driven by the interaction of energy systems, notably decarbonization of the power sector combined with increased appliance efficiency, especially in the near-term reductions, we argue that there is no sustainable way of improving the energy efficiency of residential building stock without an increase in the refurbishment rates of buildings
A summary of the energy characteristics of the local building stock, according to the bottom-up methodology, involves calculating all the possible new representative buildings according to current legislation and combining their energy parameters with buildings from the national typologies that have the same characteristics as local representatives. Both methods described in the previous section have been tested as a case-study pilot project in the town of Vršac
Summary
At the end of the 20th century in most of the developed countries in Europe and in the USA, about 50% of the total production of energy was used in buildings, 25% in traffic, and the remaining 25% in industry. Accepting the fact that fossil fuel stock is limited and that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are causing climate changes, developed countries have set up goals for upgrading the energy efficiency of buildings and introduction of energy from renewable sources in use in the building sector. A reduction in energy consumption as well as the substitution of fossil fuels with renewables are defined as goals in several European Directives [1,2,3,4] and in the national regulations of member countries
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