Abstract
The paper considers the problem of the influence of man-made load on the quality of water and bottom sediments of water bodies. The relationship of the state of the water body, the quality of the water in it and the level of contamination of bottom sediments is established. It has been shown that the rates and volumes of formation of bottom sediments and the level of contamination of their layers are different throughout the existence of a water body, which allows the use of bottom sediments as the main indicator of the ecological state of a water body, reflecting the level of anthropogenic impact on water ecosystems over time.
Highlights
The processes of urbanization of the territory of the Russian Federation lead to an increasing effect of technogenic factors on water bodies, especially in cases where water bodies are located directly in the centers of urbanization or in the zones of their influence
A significant proportion of the river flow is withdrawn for water supply of economic activity in cities, large volumes of untreated or conditionally clean wastewater are discharged into the rivers, which leads to a change in the hydrological regime and the course of intra-river processes
This leads to the accumulation of a significant amount of contaminated bottom sediments in the river channels, which adversely affect the quality of water and the general ecological condition of water streams
Summary
The processes of urbanization of the territory of the Russian Federation lead to an increasing effect of technogenic factors on water bodies, especially in cases where water bodies are located directly in the centers of urbanization or in the zones of their influence. The need to develop environmental safety criteria for contaminated bottom sediments arises when assessing the ecological state of water systems as a whole, and when solving various engineering measures, for example, related to changing the channel cross-sectional shape, while dredging or restoring natural parameters of the riverbed. The solution to these problems is directly related to the choice of technology for the removal and disposal of bottom sediments, which should be determined, on the one hand, by the volume and distribution of contaminated sediments in the channel, and on the other hand, by an assessment of their possible environmental impact [7]
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