Methodologies for city-scale assessment of renewable energy generation potential to inform strategic energy infrastructure investment

Katrina Adam,Victoria Hoolohan,James Gooding,Thomas Knowland,Catherine S.E Bale,Alison S Tomlin

doi:10.1016/j.cities.2015.10.015

Katrina Adam, Victoria Hoolohan + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.10.015

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Abstract

In support of national and international policies to address climate change, local government actors across Europe and Asia are committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Many recognise the contribution that decentralised renewable electricity production can bring towards reducing emissions whilst also generating revenue. However, these actors are often subject to significant financial pressures, meaning a reliable and compelling business case is needed to justify upfront investment. This article develops a method for rapid comparison of initial project viability for multiple city sites and installation options using data from wind and solar resource prediction techniques. In doing so, detailed resource assessments grounded in academic research are made accessible and useful for city practitioners.Long term average wind speeds are predicted using a logarithmic vertical wind profile. This employs detailed three-dimensional building data to estimate aerodynamic parameters for the complex urban surface. Solar resource is modelled using a Geographical Information System-based methodology. This establishes the location and geometry of roof structures to estimate insolation, whilst accounting for shading effects from other buildings and terrain features. Project viability for potential installations is assessed in terms of the net present value over the lifespan of the technology and associated Feed-in Tariff incentive. Discounted return on investment is also calculated for all sites. The methodology is demonstrated for a case study of 6794 sites owned by Leeds City Council, UK. Results suggest significant potential for small-scale wind and solar power generation across council assets. A number of sites present a persuasive business case for investment, and in all cases, using the generated electricity on site improves financial viability. This indicates that initial installations should be sited at assets with high electricity demands. Overall, the work establishes a methodology that enables large city-level asset holders to make strategic investment decisions across their entire portfolio, which are based on financial assessment of wind and solar generation potential accurate to the individual asset scale. Such tools could facilitate strategic planning within cities and help to ensure that investment in renewable energy is focused at the most viable sites. In addition, the methodology can assist with asset management at the city scale by identifying sites with a higher market value as a result of their potential for renewable energy generation than otherwise might be estimated.

Highlights

Cities that are actively engaged in strategic energy management have the potential to contribute towards achieving national energy policy goals, resulting in reduced carbon emissions and increased revenue generation (Allman et al, 2004; Platt et al, 2014)
Since our case study city is based in the UK, we briefly examine the context of UK local authority (LA) engagement in distributed generation, whilst noting where common policies and approaches can be found elsewhere
The total generation potential identified across the Leeds City Council (LCC) assets was substantial

Summary

Introduction

Cities that are actively engaged in strategic energy management have the potential to contribute towards achieving national energy policy goals, resulting in reduced carbon emissions and increased revenue generation (Allman et al, 2004; Platt et al, 2014). To facilitate such strategic engagement, rather than the implementation of piecemeal “fund-chasing” projects, organisations require access to comprehensive,. This paper describes methods for rapid high-level scoping of potential project viability across a city We apply these methods to a case study in the city of Leeds, UK. Adam et al / Cities 54 (2016) 45–56 management decisions across their whole asset base without recourse to individual site analysis performed on a one by one basis

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