Abstract
Abstract. The historical concept of heritage, which mostly comprised physical architectural and archaeological evidences, has been extended to the surrounding landscape in the last decades. This tendency has been corroborated by a series of International Charters and the European Landscape Convention of 2000. Landscape, understood as the perceptible part of territory that supports the contingencies throughout history, is subject to protection, management and planning. However, some inherent aspects of territory have been disregarded because of the frantic enlargement of cities throughout the twentieth century at the expense of the rural areas. Territorial heritage, which is fundamental to cultural landscape formation, is currently considered a strategic resource able to guarantee self-sustaining development of peri-urban and rural zones. In many cases, urban investments and planning associated to the enlargement of the metropolitan areas have overlooked this fruitful territorial heritage, making cultural landscapes illegible. This is the case of the cultural landscapes in the buffer zones of the archaeological sites, which are part of a diffuse territorial heritage that requires to be assessed by means of some innovative approaches. Cultural itineraries are presented as a landscape architecture strategy for valorising territorial heritage. Well-targeted design of these itineraries can also contribute to restore the dynamics of cultural landscape formation and to regenerate peri-urban and rural areas by promoting its self-sustaining development. To that end, the conceptualisation and hypotheses posed by some authors of the Società dei Territorialisti/e are used as references. A work methodology to design cultural itineraries is suggested in line with the presumptions of an integrated plan for territory aimed to valorise the territorial heritage. This paper explores in which way a GIS-based analysis can be integrated into the design of a landscape architecture like the cultural itinerary.
Highlights
The European Landscape Convention of 2000 inaugurated a new trend in Europe that broadened the scope of the historical concept of heritage to the surrounding landscape
The time-based model enables us to discover the dynamics of cultural landscape formation, something essential if we are to restore them through the itineraries
Cultural landscape has become the cornerstone of European policies oriented to the reinforcement of local identity through heritage
Summary
The European Landscape Convention of 2000 inaugurated a new trend in Europe that broadened the scope of the historical concept of heritage to the surrounding landscape. Despite the belated establishment of the expression ‘cultural landscape’ and the recent institutional and economic support to investigation, many laboratories and university groups have researched for years on innovative methodologies to intervene at a territorial scale (Dematteis, Governa, 2005; Paolinelli, 2015; Matteini, 2017) To face this new scenario and to channel the academic, institutional and entrepreneurial activity, the Società dei Territorialisti/e was established in Florence in 2011. Some of the questions that must be asked when undertaking actions of protection, management or planning of cultural landscapes are related to the nature of the object on which the intervention will be conducted, its detection and identification, or the sort of instrument or strategy to carry out these actions This scientific discussion - historically limited to the architectural discipline - is extended to the territorial sphere and turns multidisciplinary with the new paradigm after the ratification of the European Landscape Convention of 2000. Those books focused on a methodological approach or on the problems stemmed from the conceptualisation are included in a third category, where we find La rappresentazione identitaria del territorio: Atlanti, codici, figure, paradigm per il progetto locale (Magnaghi, 2005), Archetipi di territorio (Marson, 2008) or Invarianti strutturali nel governo del territorio (Maggio, 2014)
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