METHODOLOGICAL APPARATUS AND THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING THE SPIRITUAL AND EDUCATIONAL, SOCIAL AND CHARITABLE, AND PUBLIC ACTIVITIES OF ORTHODOX BROTHERHOODS IN VOLYN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th - AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY

Abstract

The scientific study outlines the need for a detailed analysis of the methodological apparatus of the problem of studying the spiritual, educational, social, charitable and public activities of the Orthodox brotherhoods of Volyn (2nd half of the 19th - at the beginning of the 20th century). The scientific and theoretical foundations of the problem under study are analyzed. The characteristics of the leading theoretical approaches to the holistic and systematic analysis of historical and pedagogical phenomena and processes involved in the methodology of researching the spiritual, educational, social and charitable activities of the Orthodox brotherhoods of Volyn werte investigated, namely: historical genetic approach, historical systematic approach, historical and comparative approach. The author proposes a classification of social and charitable institutions of spiritual, educational and patronage nature based on their origin and subordination. The characteristics of the main types of spiritual, educational, social and public activities of charitable organizations in Volyn during the studied period are presented: organizational, spiritual and educational, professional and pedagogical, trustee, charitable, publishing, research. The main forms and methods of spiritual, educational, social and public activities of charitable organizations of Volyn (2nd half of the 19the-at the beginning of the 20th century) are identified. The spiritual revival of the state, which began an the beginning og the 1990’s, is taking place on a difficult social background, which is manifested in the crisis of morality that permeates all spheres of our life. Therefore, at the present stage of development of education and science, given the urgent needs of humanizing Ukrainian society, it is necessary to return to the revival of Christian moral values. Religion, being an organic component of the spiritual life of society, played an important role in the process of Ukrainian state and cultural construction, and helped Ukrainians preserve their national identity for many centuries. Spiritual and educational, social, public and charitable activities of the clergy and representatives of the Orthodox community to promote education, culture, and spirituality based on local traditions contributed to the preservation of the national identity of the people. The spiritual, educational, social, charitable, and public activities of Orthodox brotherhoods, strengthened by the growth of spiritual and secular educational institutions and charitable institutions, acquired both religious status and social and public significance. The content of education in the study period realized the multiculturalism inherited by the Volyn region, the polyphony of educational imperatives, and the integration of national, general education, moral and spiritual indicators.