Method of operational life’s increasing of transport’s parts due to usage of coatings based on epoxy matrix modified by maleinic anhydride with improved thermal physical properties

Abstract

The use of a new method of operational life increase of the transport means parts due to the introduction of polymer-based modified materials has been substantiated in the paper under discussion. It is shown that the use of matrices based on epoxy diane oligomers is quite promising direction in protective coatings formation. Some active additives have been applied to improve the properties of epoxy matrices on preliminary stage of their formation. The use of maleinic anhydride modifier containing active to the interphase interaction functional groups is promising as well. Epoxy diane oligomer has been used as the main component for the matrix in the composite formation. The hardener polyethelenepolyamine has been used to link the epoxy compositions enabling to harden the materials at room temperature. The choice of maleinic anhydride as a modifier to improve thermal-physical properties of the developed materials has been substantiated. It has been found that to form a composite material or a protective coating with improved thermal-physical properties it is necessary to apply maleinic anhydride as a modifier in epoxy matrix in the following ratio: q = 0,5 pts.wt. per q = 100 pts.wt. of epoxy oligomer ЕД-20. In this case the material has been formed where, comparing with nonmodified matrix, the indices of glass transition temperature are being increased from Тс = 327 К tо Тс = 335 К, heat resistance (by Martenson) from Т = 341 К to Т = 362 К, and thermal coefficient of linear expansion in the range of temperatures ∆Т = 303…423 К is being decreased from α = 9,9 ×10-5 К-1 to α = 4,4 ×10-5 К-1. It has been proved that the maleinic anhydride content in the matrix with its small fraction (q = 0,5 pts.wt.) has activated the processes of interphase interaction in epoxy CM structure formation, resulted in the increase of number of both physical and chemical bonds per polymer volume unit. This process will involve the increase of gel fraction degree in CM, and, correspondingly, both the cohesion and thermal-physical properties of modified CM have been improved. The developed material under discussion could be efficiently used as a matrix in formation of protective coatings which are to be operated under high temperatures conditions and dynamic or static loadings.