Abstract
A promising method to easily characterize and fabricate ladder polymers related to graphite has been developed recently by chemists at Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, West Germany [ Macromolecules , 22 , 3506, (1989)]. This advance may lead to the development of materials whose properties lie between those of thermoplastic resins and those of graphite. Ladder-polymer chains contain carbocyclic and/or heterocyclic rings joined through the sharing of common sides. At least two bonds per ring must be broken in order to cut the chain and reduce molecular weight. These polymers are thought to be more thermally stable than counterparts that have repeating units joined by single bonds. In addition, some ladder polymers have liquid crystalline, electrically conductive, or nonlinear optical properties that suggest sophisticated applications in such areas as semiconductors and scanners. To date these resins have been difficult to characterize and process because, as they increase in molecular we...
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